Fully implement the regulations and policies of the "Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment", a series of measures by the use of technical, economic and organizational management, the application of advanced scientific means and methods for the integrated management of lifting machinery, so careful planning, best buy reasonable configuration, accurate installation, proper use and careful maintenance, scientific overhaul, safe production, periodic inspection, timely transformation timely end-of-life management of the whole process. Crane life cycle cost, highest combined efficiency, ensure safe operation, promote technological progress and efficient operation of the development of production.

1.1 Security Technology Files
Lifting machinery use enterprise to establish and improve the safety of equipment technical files, lifting machinery files include:
(1) lifting machinery factory technical information, product certification, use and maintenance manual, the vulnerable parts diagram, electrical schematic, layout of electrical components, necessary to the security of attachment type test reports, Supervision, Inspection and documents and other relevant information.
(2) the installation process in need of technical information, installation location, enable time.
(3) special equipment inspection agency issued the certificate of acceptance or inspection report on a regular basis.
(4) the day-to-day maintenance, maintenance, overhaul, alteration, change, inspection and test records.
(5) The equipment accidents, personal accident record.
(6) the higher authorities of the equipment safety evaluation.
(7) Special equipment and safety accessories, safety protection device, measuring the regulation and control devices and related subsidiaries instrumentation maintenance and inspection records.

1.2 crane safety management system
To guarantee lifting the mechanical safe operation should have a sound management rules and regulations, rule-based operator, manager legal basis. Sound configuration strong professional management team and the organization and management of the implementation of the special equipment, and remained relatively stable in order to adapt to the management requirements, the management system should have the following:
(1) crane accident emergency rescue plan.
(2) The functions of management and drivers of personal responsibility.
(3) the safe operation of technical regulations.
(4) Maintenance overhaul and transform the retirement system.
(5) daily inspection and periodic inspection maintenance system.
(6) the management, operation and maintenance personnel training and examination system.
(7) The operator shift system.
(8) file management system for crane safety technology.

1.3 Special Equipment emergency measures and rescue plans
According to the provisions of Article 31 of the Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment ", the use of special equipment, special equipment should be developed emergency measures and rescue plans. The use of special equipment units should set up a special equipment unit leaders lead safety management department, emergency rescue team leader, the relevant departments with clear responsibilities, responsibility to the people. Based on the use of special equipment of the unit, to determine possible failure caused dangerous situations, accidents happen, lifting mechanical characteristics suitable for this unit to work out countermeasures. The measures should include the principles of lifting machinery accident, emergency procedures, methods, steps and responsibilities of relevant departments, division of work and the spot exercises regularly.

2 lifting machinery operation and management
The 2.1 operating personnel management
Operating personnel in the pre-lifting machinery used in the structure, working principle, technical performance, safe operation, maintenance and system knowledge and relevant state laws and regulations, norms, standards for learning and mastering. Both theoretical knowledge and practical skills assessment, made by the local technical supervision departments training pass, before taking a post operation.

The "Sanding management of 2.2 lifting machinery
"Sanding" management is the nominee, given, Placement and system. Lifting machinery "three" system first determine which system has been developed and the system in the form of fixed, fixed machine is the foundation. Everyone has the gang responsible for operations management crane Taiwan and Taiwan people: "posts and" responsibility is to ensure that.

2.3 Regular inspection and maintenance management
Lifting machinery use units to regularly check the security dimension of the lifting machinery in the development of a regular inspection management system, including the date of inspection, weekly inspection, monthly inspection and annual inspection crane dynamic monitoring, abnormal situation found at any time, in time, in order to protect the crane safety run.

(1) the date of inspection.
Operation by the driver is responsible for routine maintenance of the project, the main content of the clean, lubricate transmission parts, adjustment and fastening work. Sensitivity and reliability of the device by running test security, listener running any abnormal sound.

(2) weekly inspection.
By maintenance workers and drivers, in addition to daily inspection project, the main content of a visual inspection, check the hook, the security status of the extract devices, wire rope, brake, clutch, emergency alarm device sensitivity and reliability by running the observations transmission parts for abnormal noise and overheating.

(3) monthly inspection.
Organized by the device and security management department inspection, together with the use of department personnel In addition to the weekly inspection, the main power system of the lifting machinery, from the hoisting mechanism, slewing mechanism, traveling mechanism, hydraulic system state detection, replacement of worn parts of deformation, cracks, corrosion, electrical control system, check the feed device controller, overload protection, safety protection device reliability. Lifting test run check signs of mechanical leakage, pressure, temperature, vibration, noise and other causes of failure. The observation of the crane structure, support, the subjective detection state transmission parts, understand the crane machine technology status, check determine anomalies failure source.

(4) the annual inspection.
First pick by the unit leadership and organization equipment safety management departments, together with the relevant departments, in addition to monthly inspection items, mainly technical parameters detection lifting machinery, reliability test, testing instruments, lifting machinery, working bodies moving parts wear, weld metal structure, testing, testing, safety devices and components test run the technical condition of the lifting equipment evaluation. Arrangements for major repairs, renovation, update program.

  
3 crane safety checks content
Crane safety and technical inspection method, there are two, one is sensory examination; Another is the use of test instruments, instrument measurement and control equipment.

3.1 sensory examination
The crane safety check is by inspection personnel through seeing, hearing, smell, and asked, touching to carry. "Crane Inspection Rules" (2002) No. 296 the lifting machinery inspection items under more than 70% of the total project is sensory testing. Through the senses to see, hear, smell, and asked, touching intuitive diagnosis of lifting machinery, so as to obtain the necessary information and data.

Look: the lifting machinery structural features observed by visual important transmission parts, points of load-bearing structure, failure phenomenon Yuanzhao.
Listen: analysis of the various parts of the crane equipment running sound is normal, the to determine abnormal noise from the site, to understand the cause and to find out the source of the disease through the hearing.

The sniff: through the sense of smell to distinguish the scene odors, to identify parts of the crane mechanical moving parts overheating, wear overfiring position.
  
Q: drivers and related workers asked the crane during operation, easy to the point of failure, failure after category. Judgment crane safety and technical conditions.

Touch: touch the crane parts, according to temperature changes, vibration situation to determine the nature of the fault location and fault.

3.2 Test Instrument checks
The lifting machinery trends at home and abroad, the modern application of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology has been widely promoted in the design and use of lifting machinery. Lifting machinery, lifting machinery working condition monitoring and diagnostic instruments and expert monitoring system inspection (monitoring) measured Keep crane technology status, predict the signs and causes of failure of the machine or system, elimination of the accident in the bud status.

3.3 crane universal part of security checks
(1) Hook
Check mark and the retaining hook device meets the requirements, hook cracks, delamination defects; the hook cross section wear, the opening degree of increase in the amount of torsional deformation is exceeded; the hook neck and surface whether fatigue deformation, cracks and pin, sets of wear.

(2) wire rope
Check wire rope specifications, models and pulley reel matched with the design requirements. Rope end the the platen, Shengka deed block wire rope fixtures to meet the requirements. Wire rope wear, broken wires, kinks, crushed, bent, broken strands, corrosion, etc. are not exceeded.
  
(3) of the braking device
Brake is set, the type of brake with the design requirements, the brake lever, spring whether fatigue deformation, cracks and other defects; pivot spindle, brake wheel, brake lining wear excessive hydraulic brake oil leaks ; brake gap adjustment braking capacity will meet the requirements.

(4) roll
Reel body, barrel edge whether fatigue cracks, damage; the rope groove with the cylinder wall wear is excessive; roll rim height rope winding layers whether match; guide rope, rope work meets requirements.

(5) pulley
Pulley if there is anti-de rope groove device; the sheave groove rim cracks, broken edges, wear excessive situation, pulley rotation is flexible.

(6) reducer
Abnormal sound reducer runtime whether the intense metal friction sound, vibration, shell radiation; shaft end sealed fixing bolt is loose defects and other conditions; reducer lubricant selection, the oil level, vertical reducer lubrication compliance with the requirements of the pump running, open gear lubrication.

(7) wheels
Wheel tread, axle fatigue crack phenomenon the wheel tread axle whether the excessive wear and tear. Operation, whether there is a skew phenomenon. What is the reason for the skew.

(8) coupling
Coupling parts with or without defects, loose connections run impact of the phenomenon. Couplings, pin, shaft pin hole, buffer rubber ring whether the excessive wear and tear. Coupling with the two parts are connected are concentric.

Of 3.4 crane safety protection device checks
Overload protection device (1)
Overload protection device is sensitive and reliable, and meet the design requirements, and the opening pressure of the hydraulic overload protection device; machinery, electronics and integrated overload protection alarm, cut off the power source set point error meets the requirements.

(2) The torque limiter
Torque limiter is jib type crane anti-overloading occur tipping safety devices. Check the torque limiter sensitive reliability by amplification method or weight gain, and to check the torque limiter alarm, cut off the power source set point error is within the specified range.

(3) limit position limiter
Check lifting equipment luffing mechanism, lifting mechanism, running institutions distance reaches the set position whether an alarm signal, and automatically cut off the power source to run the dangerous direction.

(4) of the windshield device
The crane boom root hinge point is greater than 50 meters in height should check anemometer accuracy of alarm when the wind speed set point is reached or the extreme wind speed. Crane working outdoors in orbit should check rail clamp, iron shoes, anchoring device components are deformed, the reliability of the defect and its independent work. Automatic rail clamp, you should check with the realization of the reliability of the non-anchor state wind function and electrical interlock switch function with carts run brake sudden gust wind device.

(5) The anti-tipping device
Reliability of the boom luffing jib type crane should check the anti-dumping device, the sensitivity of the electrical interlock, check luffing position and amplitude indicator indicates accuracy.

(6) buffer
From the weight of the different types the crane running at different speeds, should check whether the buffer configuration matches, and check the integrity of the buffer, run to both ends of the ability to touch stopper.

(7) guards
Examination of cranes on the various types of protective cover, fence, guard plate, ladder, complete and reliable crane exposed may cause wound wounding, open drive; rotating parts such as couplings, sprockets, chains, drive belt with or without protective cover, crane Exalted walkways, ladders, and may result in exposed parts of whether the fence, to meet the requirements. The open-air rain cover for crane electrical equipment should be located.

3.5 electrical control device
(1) control means
Should check that the electrical accessories complete is solid, mechanically fastened, loose, no jamming; supply cable aging, bare; insulating materials should be good. No damage deterioration; the bolt contacts, brushes, and other joints should be reliable; the crane selection of electrical equipment and electrical components should be compatible with the power supply and the working environment and working conditions. Set of bare-powered external coloring and lights should be checked for compliance requirements; supply of flexible cables should check the retractable cable is reasonable; collector to check the full length of the slide wire without bending, no jamming reliable contact.

(2) electrical protection
To be set up in the crane into the line at the main isolating switch, easy to operate the crane to be set up emergency power-off switch, and check whether the total power supply can be cut off. Check the crane power with agencies whether to set short-circuit protection, voltage protection, zero protection, overcurrent protection, and special cranes speeding, loss of field protection. Check the electrical interlock, chains, self-locking protection device complete validity. Check electrical wiring insulation resistance, electrical equipment grounding, grounding resistance of the metal structure to meet the requirements. All electrical equipment on the crane normal uncharged metal casing, transformer core and metal isolation layer, threading metal ducts, cable metal sheath and the metal structure should have a reliable ground (zero) protection.

3.6 metal structure
Major force members should check whether overall or local instability, fatigue deformation, cracks, severe corrosion and other phenomena. Whether the metal structure connected to weld significantly deformed cracking. Bolt or rivet solid connection without defects such as loose, defect. High strength bolts connecting enough preload. The metal structure of the overall anti-corrosion paint should be good.
  
3.7 cab
Should check the suspension of the drivers cab connected to the supporting solid reliability, the cab door locks and door electrical interlock switch, insulated floor with dry powder fire extinguishers should be fully equipped and effective. Have dust, poison, radiation, noise, high temperature and other environmentally harmful operating the crane should check whether the additional necessary guards to protect the health of the driver. Cab lights, maintenance lights must be less than 36V safe voltage.

    3.8 Safety signs
Should check the safety inspection of the crane from the weight of the signs, the technical supervision departments flag is flying in the obvious part. Slip-line carts, sweeping rail board, cable reels, spreader, trolley, rail clamp the slip line fenders, boom, crane balance arm, boom head, legs overhang, the bridge was walkways cranes the outside of the end frames, whether the requirement to require spraying safety flag color.